Grammar 29: Oraciones pasivas. Oraciones reflejas
Oraciones pasivas
- Voz pasiva: cuando se desea dar más importancia a la acción que a la persona que la realiza.
My coat was stolen - Se puede emplear 'by', si se menciona el agente (la persona que hace la acción).
This concert was composed by Beethoven | He was run over by a bicycle - Cuando interesa resaltar la persona que hace la acción, se usa la voz activa.
A thief stole my coat - La voz pasiva se utiliza cuando se quiere traducir 'se' en español
English spoken | Many question were asked | Books (are) bought - La voz pasiva se usa con los verbos to give, to show, to ask, to tell..., giro que no existe en español. She was given a reward | They were shown the way | I was asked a difficult question | We were told to read it
| activa | pasiva |
| A man steals my watch A man stole my watch A man has stolen my watch A man will steal my watch |
My watch is stolen My watch was stolen My watch has been stolen My watch will be stolen |
Oraciones reflejas
Llevan pronombres reflexivos y recíprocos: Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves. Los pronombres reflexivos se utilizan para enfatizar el sentido de la frase. Un verbo es reflexivo, cuando la acción del sujeto recae sobre este mismo
I introduced myself | Explain yourself | He stretches himself | She praises herself
| The cat scratches itself | We amused ourselves by telling jokes | You praise yourselves
| They hurt themselves | She ironed it herself | I counted the money myself
- No todos los verbos reflexivos españoles se traducen en inglés por otros reflexivos.
To dress, to wash, to shave - Con estos verbos no es necesario usar los pronombres reflexivos a no ser que se quiera enfatizar algo. In the morning I wash and dress and to go to work. Now I can shave myself
- La mayoría de los verbos que en español son reflexivos no se usan con los pronombres reflexivos en inglés:
to get up | to sit down | to stand up | to put on | to take off | to fall down | to break | to leave
Pronombres recíprocos
Son each other, uno a otro, si se trata de dos y one another, uno a otro al ser varios. Aunque en la práctica se usa el 1º para ambos casos.
Recíproco: They praise each other Reflexivo: They praise themselves
Vocabulario
as | behaviour | certain | to count | customs | to differ | distance | to expect | to follow | gold
| guest | to hate | to indicate | lecture | outside | to paint | performances | ready | ring
| route | to serve | subjet | symphony | talk | to talk
Expresions
To have to | To be ready | To begin with | quite a lot | The like living | Blocks of flats
| soft drinks | non-alcoholic drinks | To shake hands
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Lesson 29 | Video Mister Duncan: 29 | Song 29 | Grammar 29
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