Grammar 31: Formas impersonales del verbo
El infinitivo puede emplearse precedido o no de la preposición to
Infinitivo sin to
- Se usa detrás de los verbos defectivos y auxiliares: You must go home. They may stay here
- Excepto detrás de ought y de la forma used: You ought to go there. I used to play the guitar
- Después de los verbos to let y to make: Let the children play in the room.
I made the man work hard - Después de los verbos de sensación como to see, to hear, to feel...:
I saw them go across the road. I heard them open the door - Si es una acción larga se usa la forma progresiva: I saw them going along the street
I heard the rain falling on the roof - Después de las formas had better, had rather, had sooner: You had better go home. I had rather stay with you. I had sooner go to Sweden
Infinitivo con to
- El infinitivo con to se emplea como sujeto de la oración: To learn english is easy
- Después de verbos tipo to want, to decide, to hope, to refuse, to expect: I want to go home.
She decides to learn languages - Para formar la construcción acusativo-infinitivo, después de los verbos dedeseo, mandato, ruego, expectación, to want, to wish, to order, to expect, to beg, should like, to tell
I want them to come today. He told me to do it. He told me not to do it. - Para expresar un propósito con la idea de "para". He came to see his friends. He went away so as not to see his friends.
- Después de how, where, when, which, what: She didn't know how to fry an egg. You should know where to stay. I do not know which way to go.
- Después de los verbos to be y to have con el significado de "tener que". What am I to do?
I have to go there next month
El gerundio
- Como sujeto: Travelling is exciting
- Como complemento de algunos verbos tipo to like, to stop, to avoid, to finish, to start:
She likes travelling. Stop smoking. - Después de preposiciones: I am fond of singing
- Como adjetivo: A reading book. A winding road
Vocabulario
climate | crossroads | to greet | to lead | louder
Expresions
By my watch | Keep stright on | To be careful | at last | to get lost | to have a look
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Lesson 31 | Video Mister Duncan: 31 | Song 31 | Grammar 31 | Exercises
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